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Monday, February 10, 2025

Tech-Tonic Shifts: Riding the Small Cap Wave

By Century Financial in 'Investment Insights'

Tech-Tonic Shifts: Riding the Small Cap Wave
Coldplay

In Layman Terms

  • This strategy explains a pair trade between Russell 2000 (Small Cap 2000) and Nasdaq 100 by taking a long position on Small Cap 2000 and a short position on Nasdaq 100 of the same size.
  • Small Cap 2000 has strong 2025 earnings estimate growth of 46% compared to 21% for Nasdaq 100.
  • Small Cap 2000 companies are more focused on the local (U.S.) market and would be less impacted by tariff threats, unlike large-cap companies.
  • Nasdaq 100 to face some headwinds from the recent disruption by DeepSeek, which has raised doubts about the high valuations of AI stocks.

Small Cap 2000/Nasdaq 100 Price Ratio Chart

Source: Bloomberg | Date: 29th January 2025 | Red line: Resistance | White line: Support

Rationale

Small Cap 2000 Index

Interest Rates & Small-Cap Advantage:

  • The Federal Reserve started cutting interest rates in 2024, which helps small companies.
  • Over 40% of small-cap companies have floating-rate debt, so lower interest rates mean they can borrow more cheaply.
  • Lower rates could also make small-cap stocks valuations more attractive and increase mergers & acquisitions (M&A) activity.

Economic Growth & Profitability:

  • The U.S. economy is expected to grow at a robust rate in 2025, which helps smaller companies boost their revenue and margins. Despite the possibility that rates could stay high this year, strong profitability could offset the higher cost of debt servicing for smaller companies.
  • Earnings for small-cap companies have started showing signs of improvement and are expected to grow faster than Nasdaq 100 companies (about 46% vs 21% in 2025).

Policy Changes Under Trump:

  • Trump's proposed tax cuts from 21% to 15% and changes in financial regulation could benefit small companies, especially in industries like Finance, Biotechnology, and Energy (which make up 32% of small-cap stocks).

Outlook:

  • With lower interest rates, tax cuts, and strong earnings growth, small-cap stocks could perform better than the broader market and may push the Russell 2000 index higher than its 2024 high of $2,471.

Nasdaq 100:

Nasdaq 100 Performance:

  • The Nasdaq 100, which tracks the top 100 non-financial companies, grew 22% over the past year, mainly driven by the success of the “MAG 7” stocks (big AI companies).
  • Markets were in a state of euphoria as the AI rally seemed robust and unstoppable.

Disruption by DeepSeek:

  • On January 27, 2025, a Chinese startup called DeepSeek launched a new AI model, R1.
  • DeepSeek built the model in just 2 months, costing only $6 million with a small team of fewer than 200 people. In comparison, OpenAI’s GPT-4 model cost over $100 million to develop.
  • DeepSeek's R1 model has shown performance that rivals or exceeds top American AI models, even using lower-spec Nvidia H800 chips due to US restrictions on China’s access to high-end AI hardware.

Market Reaction:

  • The news caused a negative reaction in the tech sector, with the Nasdaq 100 dropping by about 3% on January 27, 2025, and Nvidia’s stock falling by around 17%.
  • There’s now concern that DeepSeek’s success could disrupt the current AI business model, which relies on expensive, high-end chips and massive computing power.

Impact on AI Stocks:

  • The development raises doubts about the high valuations of AI stocks, especially hardware companies like Nvidia.
  • Markets are now likely to price in lower bookings, revenues, margins, and earnings for these companies, ultimately bringing down their valuations and attractiveness.

Scenario Analysis without Leverage

On a position size of $1 million without leverage, the investor takes a long position of $500K on the Small Cap 2000 index and an equivalent short position of $500K on the Nasdaq 100 index. Breaking this down further, if the ratio increases to 0.1153, the investor could make a profit of $43,000. However, if the ratio falls to 0.1037, the investors could potentially incur a loss of $12,750.


Scenario Analysis with Leverage

On a position size of $2 million (2x leverage), the investor takes a long position of $1 million on the Small Cap 2000 index and an equivalent $1 million short position on the Nasdaq 100 index. Breaking this down further, if the ratio increases to 0.1153, the investor could make a profit of $86,000. However, if the ratio falls to 0.1037, the investors could potentially incur a loss of $25,500.

Risks and Assumptions

  • Holding costs and other transaction costs have not been considered in the above calculations.
  • It is essential to carefully read the complete disclaimer before implementing the strategy.
  • Trading pairs is not a risk-free strategy and carries inherent risks.
  • The strategy can result in losses if the prices of the two commodities move contrary to the positions taken.
  • Adhering to strict risk management rules is crucial to mitigate potential adverse outcomes

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